What is Conduction? What are insulators of heat? What are conductors of heat? Chapter 4 - Heat - 2. Give two examples each of conductors and insulators of heat. How does the heat travel in air? What do you understand by heat? What is the use of maximum-minimum thermometer?
The temperature of the mixture will be, Why does the mercury not fall or rise in a clinical thermometer when taken out of the mouth? Why clinical thermometer cannot be used to measure high temperatures? Explain land breeze. What is the concern associated with the use of mercury thermometer? Explain the construction of clinical thermometer. In places of hot climate it is advised that the outer walls of houses be painted white.
Is it possible to construct buildings that are not affected much by heat and cold outside? What do you mean by maximum-minimum thermometer?
Discuss why wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps us warmer than wearing just one thick piece of clothing. Chapter 4 - Heat - 3. How does the heat from the sun reach us? In summer we prefer light-coloured clothes and in winter we usually wear dark-coloured clothes.
Why is it so? What is sea breeze? Two thin blankets joined together are usually warmer than one thick blanket. Give reason. How water gets heated? The heat will, A wooden spoon is dipped in a cup of ice cream.
Its other end, Stainless steel pans are usually provided with copper bottoms. The reason for this could be that, State the similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.
What are the precautions that need to be observed while reading a clinical thermometer? State the precaution to be observed while using a laboratory thermometer. Why can't we use a laboratory thermometer to measure human body temperature?
Page: 1 Files: 4. Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts - 1. Which acid naturally present in our stomach? What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? Which acid is present in an ant sting? What is the nature of soap solution? What is the nature of distilled water? State the nature of baking soda. Where does the word acid come from? Why curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar taste sour?
Which is the most commonly used natural indicator? Tom rubs a solution between fingers and feels soapy, what is the nature of that solution? Name the acid which is present in each cell of our body. When red litmus paper is dipped in a solution; it remains red, what is the nature of the solution?
What are the effects of acid rain? What does organic matter do in soil? Why solid baking soda does not change colour of dry litmus paper? How acidic soil can be treated? What are salts? Give example. What is the role of DNA in the cell the human body?
Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts - 2. What are indicators? What is the effect of the China rose indicator on acidic and basic solutions? Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue. What is its nature? Why a turmeric stain on my white shirt is turned to red when it is washed with soap.
How to prepare lime water? Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the nature of the solution? What do you mean by neutral solution? Give examples. How would you verify it?
How does rain become acidic? Why factory waste is neutralised before disposing it into the water bodies? Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites. Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained.
What is the use of this solution? Why we take an antacid tablet when we suffer from acidity? Explain the process of neutralisation with the help of an example. Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts - 3. But, unfortunately, these are not labelled. He has to serve the drinks on the demand of customers. One customer wants acidic drink, another wants basic and third one wants neutral drink. How will Dorji decide which drink is to be served to whom?
State few properties of base. State few properties of acids. State the differences between acids and bases. Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid; another is sodium hydroxide and third is a sugar solution. How will you identify them? You have only turmeric indicator. Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes - 1.
What type of change is involved in rusting of iron? Write one property of stainless steel. What type of change is formation of manure?
Which of the two is permanent change chemical change or physical change? What do you understand by chemical change? State the conditions necessary for rusting of iron? What is galvanisation? What is added to steel to make it stainless? Why formation of manure from leaves is a chemical change? Why souring of milk is a chemical change? What is rust? What is blue vitriol? Name the two methods by which rusting of iron can be prevented. What happens when baking soda is treated with vinegar?
Which technique is better for obtaining sugar from sugar solution? Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes - 2. What is called a chemical reaction? Why a slice of an apple acquires a brown colour if it is not consumed immediately? Write down the equation representing the process of rusting. Why tearing of paper into pieces is a physical change?
What happens when magnesium oxide is dissolved in water? Why is spoiling of food a chemical change? How would you show that setting of curd is a chemical change? Why explosion of fireworks is a chemical change?
Explain how painting of an iron gate prevents it from rusting. Why do ships suffer a lot of damage from rusting in spite of being painted? Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes - 3. What happens when carbon dioxide is passed through lime water? Why rusting of iron objects are faster in coastal areas than in deserts? Why stretching of rubber band is a physical change? Ozone acts as a natural shield against ultraviolet radiation. Explain, What happens when magnesium ribbon is burnt in air?
What is rusting? When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the evolution of a gas. What type of change is it?
Why are chemical changes important in our daily lives? In addition to new products, what else may accompany a chemical change? Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes - 4. Identify these changes. Give another example of a familiar process in which both the chemical and physical changes take place. Explain why burning of wood and cutting it into small pieces are considered as two different types of changes. What happens when an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution? Differentiate between physical and chemical change.
Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared. What is humidity? Why do penguins huddle together? Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?
Name the place in India having wet climate. Which instrument is used to measure rainfall? What is the climate of Jammu and Kashmir? Are the days shorter in winter than in summer? How does the ability to camouflage help an animal?
What type of place experiences hot and dry climate? Name some animals found in rainforests. Name some animals that migrate. Name some animals found in polar region. Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
What is the climate like in North East India? Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate? What are called maximum and minimum thermometers? Explain why it is so? When are the maximum and minimum temperatures likely to occur during the day? Why do toucans have big beaks, and what purpose does it serve? What do you understand by the term weather?
Name some countries where the tropical rainforests are found. What kind of information does a weather report carry? Name some well-known countries that belong to the Polar Regions.
What do Meteorological Department of the Government do? What is a rain gauge? Write some of the adaptations of animals found in tropical rainforest.
How do migratory birds find their way? Why birds migrate? Do all the seven days have the same maximum and minimum temperatures, humidity and rainfall? How weather is a complex phenomenon?
What are the adaptations of penguins? All changes in the weather are caused by the sun. Explain, How tropical rainforest supports wide variety of plants and animals? How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself? Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions? Write a short note on Beard ape. What are the main features of the tropical rainforest?
How animals have adapted themselves to overcome the competition for food and shelter in the rainforests? Chapter 8 - Winds, Storms and Cyclones - 1. What is anemometer? When you fly a kite, does the wind coming from your back help? Does the water give back heat when vapour condenses into liquid?
What is the main cause of wind movement? Why we fill air into the bicycle tube? Where do thunderstorms usually develop? What do tornadoes look like? From where does the word monsoon derived? What does it mean? What is the direction wind in winter? What are the factors that contribute to the development of cyclones? What role does the wind play in the formation of storm? Why do the leaves of trees, flags and banners flutter when the wind is blowing?
Is it difficult to ride a bicycle against the direction of the wind? How can cyclones be predicted? Chapter 8 - Winds, Storms and Cyclones - 2. What is the difference between a Cyclone, Typhoon, and Hurricane?
What is a tornado? Which regions of India are vulnerable to cyclones? How does air move? Explain why smoke always rises up? Hold a strip of paper, 20 cm long and 3 cm wide, between your thumb and forefinger. Now blow over the paper. What do you think will happen to the paper? List some effective safety measures for cyclone. Explain why holes are made in hanging banners and hoardings.
Why is it difficult to force the paper ball into the bottle? What are monsoon winds? Suggest two methods to find out wind direction at a given place. What is thunderstorm? Chapter 8 - Winds, Storms and Cyclones - 3.
What are the destructions caused by cyclones? What would happen if high-speed winds blew over the roofs of buildings?
Take a soft plastic bottle. Fill it with hot water. Empty the bottle and immediately cap it tightly. Place the bottle under running water. Shape of the bottle gets distorted. Explain why the bottle gets distorted? You want to buy a house. Would you like to buy a house having windows but no ventilators? Explain your answer. State two experiences that made you think that air exerts pressure other than those given in the text. What planning is required in advance to deal with the situation created by a cyclone?
Explain the formation of a cyclone. What is a cyclone? Chapter 8 - Winds, Storms and Cyclones - 4. How a thunderstorm becomes a cyclone? List some action on the part of people in case of cyclone.
What precautions would you take, if you are staying in a cyclone hit area? What precautions should we take if a storm is accompanied by lightning?
Write an experiment to show that air exerts pressure. Chapter 8 - Winds, Storms and Cyclones - 5. Prove the statement with help of an experiment.
Explain with the help of an activity that an increase in the speed of air, results in the drop of pressure. Write an experiment to show that on heating the air expands and occupies more space. How technologies help people to be protected from cyclone? What are characteristics of Tornadoes? Write a note on structure of a cyclone. Chapter 9- Soil - 1. Which soil has the highest percolation rate? Which soil has the least percolation rate?
What is humus? What is soil? Name some soil pollutants. Which soil horizon contains humus? Which soil horizon has a lesser amount of humus but more of minerals?
Which type of soil is the best for making pots, toys and statues? What kind of soil should be used for making matkas and surahis? Why the uppermost horizon is generally dark in colour? What is the role of humus in the soil? What is soil profile? What is loamy soil?
What is bedrock? Which type of soil is best for growing wheat and gram? Which areas experience more severe soil erosion? Which type of soil is best for growing lentils? Chapter 9- Soil - 2. Wheat are grown in the fine clayey soils. Classify the soil on the basis of the proportion of particles of various sizes. What is called soil moisture?
State the factors on which nature of the soil depends? What is silt? Explain how soil is formed. Why do air above the soil shimmer on a hot summer day? Which type of soil is best for growing paddy? What is weathering? Which type of soil retains the highest amount of water and which retains the least? The most common laboratory alkali is sodium hydroxide. Alkalis, generally, feel a bit like soap. Actually, they were used as cleaning products by ancient Arabs.
They were made with ash and animal fat. Today, most cleaning products are alkalis, for example, toothpaste, soap and oven cleaners. In a way, alkalis are the opposite of acids. There can be weak alkalis and strong alkalis, which are caustic , like caustic soda.
Caustic substances can burn our skin. There is a way to identify whether a substance is an acid or an alkali. It is called the litmus test. A special paper called litmus paper is dipped into the substance. There is red litmus paper and blue litmus paper. No matter what the initial colour is, acids will turn litmus paper red and alkalis will turn litmus paper blue. A neutral substance, one which is neither an acid nor an alkali, will turn litmus paper purple.
There is another test, which can also tell us how acidic or alkaline a substance is - this is the pH test. You can see the pH scale below, which runs from pH0 very acidic to pH14 very alkaline. There is a special solution called universal indicator solution. When a few drops of universal indicator are added to a substance, it turns a different colour. This colour matches one of the colours on the universal indicator scale above and that's how you determine how acidic or alkaline a substance is and so what its pH is.
Acids and alkalis react together in a reaction called neutralisation. The products of neutralisation are always water and a salt. Beware: even though common salt, the one we add in our food, can be one of those salts, there are many others and their type depends on the specific acid or alkali that reacts.
Salts and water are neutral substances. This is the general neutralisation reaction:. We're here to help your child succeed. Track progress, measure results and access thousands of online tutorial worksheets in Maths, English and Science with an EdPlace subscription. We hope you've enjoyed trying some of our activities.
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